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¹Istanbul Bilim University , Department of Ophthalmology, İstanbul, Yrd. Doç. Dr.,
²Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, İstanbul, Prof. Dr.
³Akdeniz University Medical Faculty, Department of Ophthalmology, Antalya, Doç. Dr.
⁴Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Department of Biochemistry, İstanbul, Doç. Dr.
⁵Istanbul University , Department of Ophthalmology, İstanbul, Prof. Dr.
⁶Istanbul Bilim University , Department of Ophthalmology, İstanbul, Prof. Dr. Purpose: To investigate the possible relationship of agerelated nuclear and diabetic cataract development with antioxidant system, lipid peroxidation and sialic acid levels in serum and aqueous humour.
Materials and Methods: Blood and humour aqueous samples of 25 patients with age-related cataract (Group 1), 25 patients with diabetic cataract (Group 2), and 24 age-matched controls (Group 3) without cataract were included. Sialic acid (SA) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, and catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were detected in serum samples. Aqueous samples were analysed to detect only SA levels and CAT activity.
Results: Group 2 patients had significantly higher serum SA and MDA concentrations as compared to group 1 (p<0.001 for both) and group 3 (p<0.0001, and p<0.001 respectively) and lower serum CAT and SOD activities than group 3 (p<0.001 and p<0.01 respectively). Serum CAT activity was also significantly lower in group 2 than group 1 (p<0.01), and SOD activities were not different between the groups 2 and 1 (p>0.05). In case of aqueous samples, group 2 patients had higher mean concentration of SA, and lower levels of CAT activity as compared to group 1 (p<0.001 for both) .Group 1 patients also had significantly decreased CAT activity when compared to group 3 (p<0.01). But SA levels were not different between groups 1 and 3 (p>0.05).
Conclusions: Increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities may have a role in the development of age-related and diabetic cataract. Increased sialic acid levels seem to be associated with cataract development in diabetics. Keywords : Anti-oxidant system, cataract, diabetes mellitus, oxidative stress, sialic acid