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Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi Göz Hastalıkları A.D., Çanakkale, Yard. Doç. Dr. Postoperative endophthalmitis is a rare but a serious and potentially devastating complication of cataract surgery. Although it may arise from any microorganism, gram positive cocci which are mainly in conjunctival and eyelid flora are most frequent pathogens.[1] Today, frequency of postoperative endophthalmitis is decreased with the use of prophylactic antibiotics.[2] Use of cefuroxime and moxifloxacin intracamerally at the end of the surgery is especially found effective.[3-4] In this article, precautions and used antibiotics for endophthalmitis prophylaxis following cataract surgery will be emphasized. Keywords : Cataract, cataract surgery, phacoemulsification, endophthalmitis, povidone-iodine, antibiotics, cefuroxime, moxifloxacin, gatifloxacin, prophylaxis